The trick with Chemical Energetics
Chemical Energetics is the study of energy changes in chemical reactions. Energy cannot be created nor destroyed; it can only be converted from one form to another.
Change : You can have either negative energy change ( net heat given off = exothermic), no change ( no net heat given off or taken in = equilibrium) or positive energy change (net heat taken in = endothermic)
Enthalpy Change ∆H is the net heat change of a given reaction.
The trick with Chemical Energetics is to be able to define exactly the respective enthalpy changes AND be able to convert the definition into equations with STATE SYMBOLS. (state symbols are EXTREMELY IMPORTANT and essential to include in questions and answers).
What are the definitions of ∆H that you have to know:
1) ∆H of formation
2) ∆H of reaction
3) ∆H of combustion
4) ∆H of hydration
5) ∆H of atomisation
6) ∆H of vaporization
7) ∆H of fusion
∆H of sublimation
9) ∆H of solution
10) Lattice Energy
11) Ionization energy
12) Electron Affinity
13) Define Hess’ Law
Born-Haber cycle is just a method that relates to lattice energy of ionic compounds.
So the above 12 definitions, are you able to write them into equations?
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hey what about enthalpy change of neutralisation? is it required?
thanks! (:
-charlene
charlene - September 24, 2008 at 9:46 pm
Hi Charlene, Yes it is required, thank you for pointing out. I overlooked it.
Enthalpy Change of neutralisation is essential the reaction between H+ ions from acid and OH- ions from alkali.
This value is always approximately equal to
-57.1kJ/mol.
Hence, the more H+ and OH- there are in the solution mixture, the more energy is being released and vice versa.
This often explains why neutralisation with weak acids and weak bases yield lesser energy.
cambridgechemistry - September 26, 2008 at 11:21 am
hey im learning it rite now in class and,i dont know how to write them into equations, i was wondering if you culd help me out or know any site or anything at all.. tht would help me out, id really appreatite it.
im a fast learner and willin to put in time and effort.. thx
Jason - October 31, 2008 at 10:55 pm
Hi Jason
I tried to email but got the mail bounced. I suppose you are in year 1 going onto year 2 in Singapore?
I am not sure what sites there are that can help you to write equations. But I can help you out here.
Basically, the aim of Energetics calculation is to create an energy cycle such that you get complete cycle in two different directions so that you can equate as follows:
“enthalpy changes in anti-clockwise direction” = ‘enthalpy change in clockwise-direction”
The definitions of delta H (enthalpy change) should help you to create energy cycle.
Yuyan
cambridgechemistry - November 2, 2008 at 12:16 am